“He was Threatened and Told to Cooperate”: Immigrant Worker Experiences with the Workers’ Compensation System in the Canadian Context
Journal article
Senthanar S, Ahmadi B, Creese G, Marino S, McLeod CB, Koehoorn M.
J Occup Rehabil. 2025 Jul 7. doi: 10.1007/s10926-025-10307-1. Online ahead of print.
Provision of employment-related settlement services and relationship with paid employment for immigrants in Canada
Journal article
Senthanar S, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 29;20(4):e0321927. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0321927.
Injury and Return to Work Among Maritime Workers in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Neis B, Macpherson RA, Shan D, Small C, Ochs C, Tamburic L, McLeod CB.
New Solut. 2025 Mar 4:10482911251316325. doi: 10.1177/10482911251316325. Online ahead of print.
Occupational asbestos exposure and gastrointestinal cancers: systematic review and meta-analyses
Journal article
Koehoorn M, McLeod CB, Fan J, Arrandale VH, Davies HW, Dement JM, Pahwa M, Peters CE, Stayner L, Straif K, Demers PA.
Occup Environ Med. 2025 Feb 10:oemed-2024-109707. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109707. Online ahead of print.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System Certification Program on Firm Work Injury Rates in Alberta, Canada
Journal article
McLeod CB, Macpherson RA.
Am J Ind Med. 2024 Dec 17. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23690. Online ahead of print.
Occupational Asbestos Exposure and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Report to The Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) Ontario
Koehoorn M, Demers PA, McLeod CB, Arrandale V, Davies HW, Dement J, Fan J, Pahwa M, Peters CE, Stayner L, Straif K.
Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; 2023.
Heat-related illness among workers in British Columbia, Canada: Extreme hot weather in 2021 compared to 2001-2020
Journal article
Guo X, Weinberger KR, Tamburic L, Peters CE, McLeod CB.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2024 Jul 31:4179. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4179. Online ahead of print.
The impact of regulatory workplace safety inspections on workers’ compensation claim rates
Journal article
McLeod CB, Macpherson RA, He A, Amick BC, Koehoorn M, Tompa E.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 2024 Jul 24. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23640
Work disability duration among mobile workers: does intra-provincial mobility matter as much as inter-provincial mobility?
Journal article
Macpherson RA, Tamburic L, Neis B McLeod CB.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2024 Jan 19. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003050.
What occupational health and safety management system components predict firm work injury rates in the BC construction industry?
Research brief. Full report available by request. Based on research presented in:
McLeod CB, Jones AM. British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance COR® Audit Tool: Predictive Validity Update. Final Report to WorkSafeBC and British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance. Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, University of British Columbia; 2023.
Do regional labor market conditions matter for temporary work disability duration? A multilevel analysis of workers’ compensation claims in five Canadian provinces
Journal article
Macpherson RA, Amick III BC, Collie A, Koehoorn M, Smith PM, McLeod CB.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 2023 May 28. DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23489. Online ahead of print.
Continuation of telework in the post-pandemic era: Healthcare employees’ preference and determinants
Journal article
Jones AM, Fan J, Thomas-Olson L, Zhang W, McLeod CB.
Healthcare Management Forum. 2023 May 8. https://doi.org/10.1177/084047042311707. Online ahead of print.
Do patterns of past asbestos use and production reflect current geographic variations of cancer risk? Mesothelioma in Ontario and British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Slavik C, Demers PA, Tamburic L, McLeod CB.
Cancer Causes Control. 2023 Feb 2. doi: 10.1007/s10552-023-01672-4. Online ahead of print.
The role of low educational attainment on the pathway from adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems to early adult labour market disconnection in the Dutch TRAILS cohort
Journal article
Minh A, McLeod CB, Reijneveld SA, Veldman K, van Zon SKR, Bültmann U.
SSM Popul Health. 2022 Dec 5;21:101300. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101300. eCollection 2023 Mar.
Heat-related illness among workers in British Columbia, 2001-2020
Journal article
Weinberger KR, Tamburic L, Peters CE, McLeod CB.
J Occup Environ Med. 2023 Feb 1;65(2):e88-e92. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002761. Epub 2022 Nov 28.
An evaluation of violence prevention education in healthcare
Journal article
Provost S, MacPhee M, Daniels M, Naimi M, McLeod CB.
Safety Science. 2023 Mar;159(106011).
Differences in Modified-Return-to-Work by Immigration Characteristics Among a Cohort of Workers in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Senthanar S, Koehoorn M, Tamburic L, Premji S, Bültmann U, McLeod CB.
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. 2022 October 29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-022-10077-0.
A media surveillance analysis of COVID-19 workplace outbreaks in Canada and the United States
Journal article
Fenton S, Quinn EK, Rydz E, Heer E, Davies HW, Macpherson RA, McLeod CB, Koehoorn M.
FACETS. 2022 August 25. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2021-0156.
An audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program: Is COR associated with lower firm-level injury rates in Ontario?
Research brief. Full report available by request. Based on research presented in:
Macpherson R, McLeod C. An impact evaluation of the Infrastructure Health and Safety Association Certificate of Recognition (COR™) program. Final Report to the Infrastructure Health and Safety Association and Workplace Safety and Insurance Board of Ontario. Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, University of British Columbia; 2022.
Heat-related illness among workers in British Columbia
Research brief
Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; 2022.
Pre-existing anxiety and depression disorders and return to work after musculoskeletal strain or sprain: a phased-based approach
Journal article
Jones AM, Koehoorn M, Bültmann U, McLeod CB.
J Occup Rehabil. 2022 Jun 6. doi: 10.1007/s10926-022-10047-6. Online ahead of print.
Return‑to‑Work After Work‑Related Injury in the Construction Sector: A Scoping Review
Journal article
Sharpe K, Afshar T, St-Hilaire F C, McLeod C.
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. 2022 Feb 18. Epub ahead of print. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-022-10028-9
A framework for understanding how variation in health care service delivery affects work disability management
Journal article
Sharpe K, McGrail K, Mustard C, McLeod C.
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. 2022 Feb 10. Epub ahead of print. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-021-10016-5.
Differences in workers’ compensation claim rates for within-province and out-of-province workers in British Columbia, Canada, 2010–2017
Journal article
Macpherson R, Neis B, McLeod CB.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 2022 Jan 28. Epub ahead of print. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23327
Exploring differences in work disability duration by size of firm in Canada and Australia
Journal article
Macpherson R, Lane TJ, Collie A, McLeod CB.
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. 2022 Jan 4. Epub ahead of print.
Evaluating effectiveness of an integrated return-to-work and vocational rehabilitation program on work disability duration in the construction sector
Journal article
Macpherson RA, He A, Amick III BC, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2021 Dec 13. doi:10.5271/sjweh.4006. Published online.
Immigrant status, gender and work disability duration: findings from a linked, retrospective cohort of workers’ compensation and immigration data from British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Saffari N, Senthanar S, Koehoorn M, McGrail K, McLeod C.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2021;11(12).
Differences in work disability duration for immigrants and Canadian-born workers in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Senthanar S, Koehoorn M, Tamburic L, Premji S, Bültmann U, McLeod CB.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(22):11794.
An umbrella review of the work and health impacts of working in an epidemic/pandemic environment
Journal article
Fan J, Senthanar S, Macpherson R, Sharpe K, Peters CE, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021 Jun 25;18(13):6828.
Mesothelioma Surveillance and Prognosis in BC
Research brief
Based on: Demers P, McLeod C. Mesothelioma Epidemiology and Prognosis. Final Report to WorkSafeBC. Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; July 2020.
Read the results of the Ontario portion of this study: Mesothelioma: Epidemiology and prognosis
An audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program: Is COR associated with lower firm-level injury rates in Saskatchewan?
Research brief. Full report available by request. Based on research presented in:
Macpherson R, Fan J, Peck H, McLeod C. Is COR associated with lower firm-level injury rates in Saskatchewan? Final Report to the Saskatchewan Workers’ Compensation Board. Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, University of British Columbia; 2021.
Depressive symptom trajectories and early adult education and employment: Comparing longitudinal cohorts in Canada and the United States
Journal article
Minh A, Bültmann U, Reijneveld SA, van Zon SKR, McLeod CB.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(8):4279.
Determining hazard management changes in workplaces following workplace safety inspections by WorkSafeBC in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Macpherson RA, Yousefi M, McLeod CB.
Safety Science. 2021;140. Available online 19 April 2021.
Impact of anxiety and depression disorders on sustained return to work after work-related musculoskeletal strain or sprain: a gender stratified cohort study
Journal article
Jones AM, Koehoorn M, Bültmann U, McLeod CB.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2021 Mar 21:3951. Online ahead of print.
Does gradually returning to work improve time to sustainable work after a work-acquired musculoskeletal disorder in British Columbia, Canada? A matched cohort effectiveness study
Journal article
Maas ET, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Published Online First: 18 March 2021.
A realist review of violence prevention education in healthcare
Journal article
Provost S, MacPhee M, Daniels MA, Naimi M, McLeod C.
Healthcare. 2021; 9(3):339.
Do differences in work disability duration by interjurisdictional claim status vary by industry and jurisdictional context?
Journal article
Macpherson R, Koehoorn M, Neis B, McLeod C.
Occup Environ Med. 2021 Jan 27;oemed-2020-106917.
Prevalence and risk factors for anxiety and depression disorders in workers with work-related musculoskeletal strain or sprain in British Columbia, Canada: a comparison of men and women using administrative health data
Journal article
Jones AM, Koehoorn M, Bültmann U, McLeod CB. 2021 Jan 22;oemed-2020-106661. Online ahead of print.
Does it make a difference? Evaluating violence prevention education in BC healthcare
Research brief
Based on: Provost S, MacPhee M, Daniels M, McLeod C. Realist Evaluation of Violence Prevention Education in BC Healthcare. Final Report to WorkSafeBC. Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; Dec. 2020.
Realist evaluation of violence prevention in BC healthcare
Report
Provost S, MacPhee M, Daniels M, McLeod C.
Vancouver, BC: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; Dec. 2020.
Age Differences in Work-Disability Duration Across Canada: Examining Variations by Follow-Up Time and Context
Journal article
Fan JK, Macpherson RA, Smith PM, Harris MA, Gignac MAM, McLeod CB.
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. 2020 Sep 10. [Epub ahead of print].
Is the Return to Work Certificate of Recognition Program associated with improved outcomes?
Research brief. Full report available by request. Based on research presented in:
McLeod CB, McLeod KV, Tamburic L, Maas ET. Is the Return to Work Certificate of Recognition Program associated with improved outcomes? Final Report to WorkSafeBC; 2020.
Performance of the COR® audit in BC construction firms: Do higher scores predict lower injury rates?
Research brief. Full reports available by request. Based on research presented in:
McLeod C, Saffari N, Cliff R, Jones A. Assessment of the British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance Certificate of Recognition audit score measurement properties. Final Report to WorkSafeBC and the British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance; 2020.
McLeod C, Yousefi M, Jones A. (2020). What occupational health and safety management system components predict firm injury rates in the British Columbia construction industry? Assessing the predictive validity of the British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance’s Certificate of Recognition Audit Tool. Final Report to the British Columbia Construction Safety Alliance. Vancouver: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; 2020.
Urban-rural Differences in the Duration of Injury-related Work Disability in Six Canadian Provinces
Journal article
Macpherson RA, Amick BC, Collie A, Hogg-Johnson S, Koehoorn M, Smith PM, McLeod CB.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2020 Mar 5. [Epub ahead of print].
Gender Differences in Surgery for Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injury: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Journal article
Jones AM, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB.
Healthcare Policy. 2020 Feb;15(3):47-62.
Time to return to work following workplace violence among direct healthcare and social workers
Journal article
Choi K, Maas ET, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2020 Mar;77(3):160-167.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Gradual Return to Work for Workers with a Work-acquired Musculoskeletal Disorder in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Maas ET, Koehoorn M, McLeod CB.
J Occup Environ Med. 2019 Nov 15. [Epub ahead of print].
Investigating young adults’ mental health and early working life trajectories from a life course perspective: the role of transitions
Journal article
Bültmann U, Arends I, Veldman K, McLeod CB, van Zon SKR, Amick B.
BMJ Epidemiology and Community Health. 2019 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print.]
Out of the labour force and out of school: a population-representative study of youth labour force attachment and mental health
Journal article
Minh A, O’Campo P Guhn M, McLeod CB.
Journal of Youth Studies. 2019.
An audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program: Does certification lead to lower firm work-injury rates in BC?
Research brief. Full report available by request.
Based on research presented in McLeod C, Quirke W, McLeod K, Aderounmu A. Evaluating the effect of an audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program on firm work-injury rates in British Columbia, Canada, 2003-2016: a matched difference-in-difference approach. Final Report to WorkSafeBC. Vancouver: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; 2019.
Do Differences in Work Disability Duration Between Men and Women Vary by Province in Canada?
Journal article
Macpherson RA, Koehoorn M, Fan J, Quirke W, Amick BC, Kraut A, Mustard CA, McLeod CB.
J Occup Rehabil. 2019 Sep; 29(3):560-568.
An audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program: Is certification associated with lower firm work-injury rates in Alberta?
Research brief. Full report available by request.
Based on research presented in McLeod C, Macpherson R, Quirke W, Koehoorn M, Aderounmu A. Is COR associated with lower firm-level injury rates? An evaluation of the effect of an audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program on firm work-injury rates in Alberta, Canada. Final Report to Alberta Ministry of Labour. Vancouver: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety, University of BC.
Age, sex, and the changing disability burden of compensated work-related musculoskeletal disorders in Canada and Australia
Journal article
Macpherson R, Lane T, Collie A, McLeod C.
BMC Public Health. 2018;18:758.
Labor market and health trajectories during periods of economic recession and expansion in the United States, 1988‒2011
Journal article
Fan J, Amick B, Richardson L, Scott-Marshall H, McLeod C.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2018 Jun 12. [Epub ahead of print]
Return-to-work for multiple jobholders with a work-related musculoskeletal disorder: A population-based, matched cohort in British Columbia
Journal article
Maas E, Koehoorn M, McLeod C.
PLoS One. 2018 Apr 3;13(4): e0193618.
Identifying return-to-work trajectories using sequence analysis in a cohort of workers with work-related musculoskeletal disorders
Journal article
McLeod C, Reiff E, Maas E, Bultmann U.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. 2017. [Online-first article]
The economic burden of lung cancer and mesothelioma due to occupational and para-occupational asbestos exposure
Journal article
Tompa E, Kalcevich C, McLeod C, Lebeau M, Song C, McLeod K, Kim J, Demers PA.
Occup Environ Med. 2017;74(11):816-22.
A systematic literature review of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety regulatory enforcement
Journal article
Tompa E, Kalcevich C, Foley M, McLeod C, Hogg-Johnson S, Cullen K, MacEachen E, Irvin E, Mahood Q.
American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 2016 Nov;59(11):919-933.
The relationship between chronic conditions and absenteeism and associated costs in Canada
Journal article
Zhang W, McLeod C, Koehoorn M.
Scand J Work Environ Health 2016 Sep; 42(5): 413-422.
A Comparative Analysis of the Financial Incentives of Two Distinct Experience-Rating Programs
Journal article
Tompa E, McLeod C, Mustard C.
J Occup Environ Med. 2016 Jul; 58(7): 718-27.
Labor markets and health: an integrated life course perspective
Journal article
Amick B, McLeod C, Bültmann U.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2016 Jul;42(4):346-53.
Does time off work after injury vary by jurisdiction? A comparative study of eight Australian workers’ compensation systems
Journal article
Collie A, Lane T, Hassani-Mahmooei B, Thompson J, McLeod C.
BMJ Open. 2016 May; 6(5): e010910.
Prevention in dangerous industries: does safety certification prevent tree-faller injuries?
Journal article
McLeod C, Sarkany D, Davies H, Lyons K, Koehoorn M.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 2015 Sep 1;41(5):478-85.
An audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program: Is certification associated with lower firm work-injury rates?
Research brief. Full report available by request.
Based on research presented in McLeod C, Quirke W, Koehoorn M. Evaluation of the effect of an audit-based occupational health and safety recognition program on firm work-injury rates in British Columbia, Canada. Final Report to WorkSafeBC. Vancouver: Partnership for Work, Health and Safety; 2015.
Characteristics of work-related fatal and hospitalised injuries not captured in workers’ compensation data
Journal article
Koehoorn M, Tamburic L, Xu F, Alamgir H, Demers P, McLeod C.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2015; 72(6): 413-20.
Population-based surveillance of asthma among workers in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Koehoorn M, Tamburic L, McLeod C, Demers P, Lynd, L, Kennedy S. Chronic Diseases in Canada. 2013; 33(2).
The relationship between age and work injury in British Columbia: Examining differences across time and nature of injury
Journal article
Smith P, Bielecky A, Mustard C, Beaton D, Hogg-Johnson S, Ibrahim S, Koehoorn M, McLeod C, Saunders R, Scott-Marshall H. Journal of Occupational Health. 2013; 55(2): 98-107.
Work injury risk by time of day in two population-based data sources
Journal article
Mustard C, Chambers A, McLeod C, Bielecky A, Smith P. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2013; 70(1): 49-56
Descriptive epidemiology of serious work-related injuries in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Fan J, McLeod C, Koehoorn M. PLoS ONE. 2012; 7(6): e38750.
Media release.
Comparison of data sources for the surveillance of work injury
Journal article
Mustard C, Chambers A, McLeod C, Bielecky A, Smith P. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2012;69(5):317-24.
Surveillance of mesothelioma and workers’ compensation in British Columbia, Canada
Journal article
Kirkham TL, Koehoorn MW, McLeod CB, Demers PA. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2011 Jan;68(1):30-5.
Research summary [472 KB]
Shift work trends and risk for worker injury in Canada
Journal article
Wong I, McLeod CB, Demers P. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 2011;37(1):54-61.
Media release
Sociodemographic, clinical, and work characteristics associated with return-to-work outcomes following surgery for work-related knee injury
Journal article
Fan JK, McLeod CB, Koehoorn M. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 2010;36(4):332-338.
Sleep problems and workplace injuries in Canada
Journal article
Kling R, McLeod C, Koehoorn M. Sleep. 2010; 33(5): 611-618.
Commentary: Teodorescu M, Szklo-Coxe M. Sleep well to stay safe: Ready for Primetime? Sleep. 2010; 33(5): 577-578.
WorkSafeBC-CHSPR Research Partnership Annual Report 2008-2009
Annual report [PDF 354 KB]
Vancouver, BC: Centre for Health Services and Policy Research; 2009.
Beryllium disease in British Columbian workers: a pilot surveillance project using linked health administrative data
Peer-reviewed report to WorkSafeBC
Takaro T, McLeod C, Xu F, Koehoorn M, Demers P. Richmond, BC: WorkSafeBC; 2009.
Population-based asbestosis surveillance in British Columbia
Journal article
Gan W, Demers P, McLeod C, Koehoorn M. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2009;66:766-771.
Research opportunities using administrative databases and existing surveys for new knowledge in occupational health and safety in Canada, Quebec, Ontario and British Columbia
Journal article
Smith P, Stock S, McLeod C, Koehoorn M, Marchand A, Mustard C. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 2009;101(Suppl.1):S46-52.
Research Summary [PDF: 130 KB]
Asthma in British Columbia
Report [PDF: 1 MB]
McLeod CB, Bogyo T, Demers P, Edeer D, Hertzman C, Kennedy S, Koehoorn M, McGrail KM, Tamburic L. Vancouver (BC): Centre for Health Services and Policy Research; 2007.
Research Summary [PDF: 226 KB]